Customer Satisfaction: What Does Quality Mean?

In our ongoing research we have uncovered the tenproduct or service will conform to the customer's
statistical predictors of satisfaction in anyspecifications and requirements and will perform as
customer-supplier relationship, for any product orpromised without exception. Any parents who have
service. This article is apart on a ten part seriesopened and assembled toys for their kids on
explaining each of the ten satisfaction predictorsChristmas morning knows what this means when it
including: Quality, Value, Timeliness, Ease of Access,doesn't go right.
Efficiency, Environment, Teamwork, Commitment, SelfRight the first time means that new car model doesn't
Management, and Innovation.get recalled, the software installs perfectly and works
Quality seems to be ubiquitous term used to describeimmediately with no further calls to technical support,
everything under the sun, but our satisfaction researchthe waitress gets the entire table's order correct or
goes deeper. When 'quality' is separated from thethe money budgeted by the city council for the
other nine domains of satisfaction it stands alone, withmunicipal project is exactly the amount of money that
three distinctly identifiable subcharacteristics, with thegets spent.
first described here.Customers like to deal with suppliers who deliver what
In the mind of the customer, 'quality' means 'comparedthey promise the first time, without having to return to
with the best'. The quality of any product or service isexchange their product, buy an add on accessory, or
being compared with the best that the customer hasreturn it for a refund.
personally experienced or that he has ever heard of.The third sub-characteristic of Quality, when it comes
A golf course, for instance, might be very good, butto customer satisfaction in the mind of the customer,
the golfer will be comparing it with Pebble Beach ondeals with the supplier's front line personnel. These are
California's coast orthe people that deal directly with the customer.
Augusta, site of the world famous MastersAccording to customer expectations from multiple
tournament. In the mind of the golfer, these mightsurveys in many industries worldwide, a high quality
represent the upper limits of the quality standard andfront line service person is one that is a subject matter
receive a '10', and any other golf course wouldexpert, who can explain and answer questions
necessarily receive a lower score for quality byregarding the product or service, and not only know
comparison, even if it scored a 9.75.about their own area, but have general systems
A particular hotel might have great quality, but in theknowledge of all other aspects of their company's
back of his mind the customer is comparing it with theoperations as well.
Ritz Carlton in Palm Springs or the Waldorf Astoria inThis might mean not only knowing the specification so
New York City.of the product itself, but where in the store other
The customer might be enjoying a really great bowl ofproducts can be found, what other services other
clam chowder, but it will have to outclass the soup hedepartments offer or even something as simple as
had in Ogunquit Maine last summer, that set theknowing store hours or directions to another branch.
standard for a 10 in his mind. If he does find a betterThe quality expectation of the customer is that front
bowl of clam chowder however, and it becomes theline personnel are well trained and can provide the
benchmark for quality, the old one will still enjoy thecustomerwith the support they need, regardless of
favored number two spot, perhaps at a 9.8 on a scalewho they interface with at the supplier's company.
of 1 to 10.These three sub-characteristics are highly correlated
Those with discerning taste constantly explore thewith customer perceptions and evaluations of quality
upper limits of quality in every aspect of their lives.from our research.
Aggressive suppliers of products and services who1) Quality compared with the customer's internal
want to enjoy the highest levels of return andbenchmark.
recommend from their customers, will be smart to2) Error free, defect free and right the first time.
benchmark the competition in detail, to continuously3) Front line personnel who are subject matter experts
push each satisfaction dimension higher.and have general systems knowledge.
The second sub-characteristic of 'Quality', when itOrganizations who need to improve customer
comes to customer satisfaction behavior refers tosatisfaction should have intimate understanding of
error and defect free delivery of a product or service.these aspects of their product and service delivery
'Right the first time' according to customers, is a verysystem.
important definition of quality and means that the