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Key West Florida

Key West FL is the southernmost city in the"Bahama Village" is an area of Old town next
Continental United States. Key West is ato the Truman Annex largely inhabited by
city and an island by the same name near theBahaman  immigrants.
southernmost tip of the Florida Keys and
encompasses the namesake island, the part ofFishing, salt production and ocean salvage
Stock Island north of US 1, Sigsbee Park andwere major industries in the early 19th
Sunset  Key.century. The salvage operations made Key
West the largest and richest city in Florida
Many passenger cruise ships utilize Key Westand residents had a high concentration of
as a seaport. Key West International Airportfine furniture and fancy chandeliers which
also serves the area. Naval Air Station Keythe locals used in their homes after taking
West offers a training site for Navalthem  from  shipwrecks  on the Florida reefs.
Aviation.
During the Civil War Fort Zachary Taylor was
Key West is officially known for having theestablished in Key West after Florida seceded
nation's first and oldest continuous gay andand joined the confederate States of America.
lesbian chamber of commerce. Thus the city'sIt was an important outpost and now contains
motto  "One  Human  Family"the largest collection of Civil War cannons
ever  discovered  in  a  single  location.
Kay West was inhabited by ancient peoples
known as the Calusa People in Pre-ColumbianIn 1912 Key West was connected to the Florida
times. Juan Ponce De Leon was the firstmainland via the Overseas Railway extension.
European to visit the area and the island wasThe railway created a landfill at Trumbon
known as Cayo Hueso. It was established as aPoint for rail yards. In 1935 the Labor Day
fishing and salvage village with a small fortHurricane destroyed much of the railroad and
to  protect  the  Spanish  colony.hilled hundreds. About 400 World War I
veterans living in camps there working on
Cayo Hueso literally means "bone key" as itfederal road projects and mosquito control
is said that the island is littered with theprojects in the Middle Keys were also killed.
bones from an Indian battlefield or burialIt was too expensive to restore the
ground. It is thought that the name changedrailroad. In 1938 The Federal Government
to Key West is an Anglicization of the wordrebuilt the rail lines as an automobile
"Hueso" that could mean west in English.highway. Completed in 1938 it became an
Many  businesses  on the island use the name.extension of the US Highway 1. The portion
of US 1 running though the Keys is called the
Great Britain took control of Florida in theOverseas  Highway.
late 1700's and relocated the Spaniards and
Indians to Havana. Florida passed back toNumerous artists and writers have come to the
the Spanish 20 years later but they did notKeys but the two most associated with the
formally resettle. The island was used byisland are Ernest Hemmingway and Tennessee
fishermen from Cuba and joined by fishermenWilliams. Hemmingway reportedly wrote 2
from  the  United  States.novels "A Farewell to Arms" and "To Have and
Have Not" while living in the Keys. The
The island was deeded to Juan Pablo Salis inErnest Hemingway House and Sloppy Joes Bar
1815 but when Florida was transferred to thehave become important tourist's attractions.
United States Salas was eager to sell theThe Hemingway House is currently inhabited by
island. First he sold it for a sloop valuedsix or seven toed polydactyl cats descended
at $575 and then to a US businessman namedform Hemingway's original pert named
Simonton for about $2,000. The sloop trader"Snowball". The cats live on the grounds and
sold it to a man named Geddes who could notare cared for by the Hemingway House even
secure rights to the property becausethough the USDA complains about the number of
Simonton had help from influential friends inthem housed there. The Key West City
Washington and gained clear title. SimontonCommission exempted the house from a law
bought the island because he had learned ofprohibiting more than four domestic animals
the opportunities presented by the strategicper  household.
location. Simonton's friend John Whitehead,
once stranded on the islands by a shipwreckTennessee Williams is said to have written
had  seen  the  deep  harbor.the first draft of "A Streetcar Named Desire"
while staying at the La Concha Hotel. He
Lying 90 in a strategic location on the deepbought a permanent house and listed Key West
shipping lane Straits of Florida the harboras his permanent residence. Williams' home
was considered the "Gibraltar of the West".in the "unfashionable" New Town neighborhood
Matthew Perry said into the harbor in 1822is quite the contrast to the elegant
and physically planted the US flag to claimHemingway house. It is a very modest
it as US property. He reported on the piracybungalow. The house is privately owned and
problems and renamed it "Thompson's Island"is not open to the public. The Tenn4essee
and named the harbor "Port Rodgers". NeitherWilliams Theatre is located on the campus of
name stuck. In 1823 Commodore David PorterFlorida Keys Community College on Stock
took charge and tried to rule the island as aIsland.
military  dictator  under  martial  law.
Key West is much closer to Havana than to
Simonton soon subdivided the island intoMiami. In 1890 it had a population of nearly
plots and sold 3 undivided quarters of each18,800 which made it the richest and biggest
plot to private individuals. Simonton spentcity in Florida. The population was nearly
the winter in Key West and then the summer inhalf Cuban descent and the city had a
Washington to lobby for development of thesuccession of Cuban mayors. Cubans were
island and for the establishment of a navalreportedly active in nearly 200 factories in
base. Among other first founders are Pardontown  producing  cigars.
Green who moved there permanently and became
a prominent businessman. John WhiteheadThe Battleship Maine was blown up after
lived there for 8 years and partnered withsailing from Key West to Havana which ignited
Greene in the firm of "P.C. Greene andthe  Spanish  American  War.
Company". He left the island for good in
1832 returning only once during the CivilPan American Airlines was founded in Key West
War. John Fleeming, active in the mercantileto  fly  visitors  to  Havana.
business in Alabama was a friend of Simonton.
He spent only a few months in Key WestJohn Kennedy used the phrase "90 miles to
before leaving to marry in Massachusetts. HeCuba"  in  his speeches against Fidel Castro.
returned to Key West intending to develop the
slat manufacturing of the island but diedThere were regular ferry and airplane
soon after. The names of these foundingservices between Key West and Havana until
fathers of modern Key West used as names forthe revelation in 1959. Refugees flooded
the  main  arteries  of  the  island.into Key West during the Mariel Boatlift and
continue to come across the dangerous stretch
Many residents of Key West emigrated from theof  waters.
Bahamas. They were known as Counch. They
arrived in ever increasing numbers afterIn 1982 Key West and the rest of the Keys
1830. Sons and daughters of Loyalists fledtried to declare independence and become the
to the nearest British soil during the"Conch Republic" in a protest over US Border
American Revelation. Many of residents ofPatrol blockades. The blockade was set up in
Key West refer to themselves as Conchs andresponse to the Mariel Boatlift. This
the term is now generally applied to allblockade created a 17 mile traffic jam when
residents of Key West. The term "Fresh Waterthe Border Patrol stopped every car to search
Counch" refers to a resident not "nativefor illegal immigrants. The Florida Keys
born" but who has lived there for more thanwere virtually paralyzed as tourism nearly
seven years. The name is derived from theground to a halt. Couch Republic flags and T
tradition of placing a conch shell on a poleshirts are still popular souvenirs for
at  the  home  of  a  new  born  baby.visitors. The Counch Republic Independence
Celebration is celebrated each April 23.



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